All submissions undergo an initial editorial assessment for alignment with the journal's focus and scope, originality, scholarly contribution, methodological quality, ethical compliance, and clarity of presentation. Manuscripts that do not meet these criteria may be declined without external review.

Manuscripts selected for external review are evaluated through a double-anonymous process by at least two independent experts. The identities of authors and reviewers are concealed from one another. Reviewer recommendations inform, but do not determine, the editorial decision. The Editor-in-Chief or handling editor retains responsibility for the final decision.

Authors may suggest qualified reviewers and identify individuals with potential conflicts of interest; however, reviewer selection remains entirely at the discretion of the editors. Submitted work may be screened for similarity, duplicate publication, inappropriate image or data manipulation, and other integrity concerns.

Research involving human participants, communities, children, or culturally sensitive knowledge must report appropriate ethical approval, informed consent or assent where applicable, protection of participants, and responsible procedures for the use, attribution, and stewardship of community knowledge.

Authors remain fully accountable for every part of their manuscript. Artificial intelligence tools cannot be listed as authors. Any substantive use of generative AI or other AI-assisted tools must be disclosed transparently, critically verified by the authors, and consistent with the journal's publication ethics.